It saw an unprecedented degree of hindumuslim cooperation and it established gandhi and his technique of non violent protest satyagraha at the center of the indian nationalist movement. The demands of the khilafat committee and the congress were merged and. The khilafat movement, also known as the indian muslim movement 191924, was a panislamist political protest campaign launched by muslims of british india led by shaukat ali, mohammad ali jauhar, hakim ajmal khan, and abul kalam azad to restore the caliph of the ottoman caliphate, who was considered the leader of sunni muslims, as an effective political authority. It saw an unprecedented degree of hindumuslim cooperation and it established gandhi and his technique of nonviolent protest satyagraha at the center of the indian nationalist movement. The khilafat movement the khilafat movement was a religiopolitical movement launched by the muslims of british india for the retention of the ottoman caliphate and for not handing over the control of muslim holy places to nonmuslims. The noncooperation movement was undertaken to arestore the status of the ruler of turkey b to avenge the jallianwala bagh massacre and other violence in punjab and c to secure swaraj independence for india. Oct 18, 2018 the most important cause of the non cooperation movement was the khilafat movement started in 1919 which brought the muslims and the hindus on a common platform against the british rule. The khilafat movement was launched by muslims in india to persuade the british government not to abolish the caliphate. During 191922, the british were opposed through two mass movementsthe khilafat and noncooperation. Khilafat movement was supported not only by muslims but hindus also favored it therefore.
The movement was initially bolstered by gandhis noncooperation movement but fell. This unity reached its climax during the khilafat and the non cooperation movements. The leaders of this movement accepted the noncooperation movement of gandhiji and led a joint protest against the british. About noncooperation movement authorstream presentation. With the non cooperation movement, nationalist sentiments reached every nook and corner of the country and politicised every strata of population. After the first world war the indian national congress joining hands with the muslim league started the non cooperation and khilafat movement to show their agitation as in turkey the muslims were treated very badly by the british.
At the calcutta session of the congress in september 1920, he convinced other leaders of the need to start a non cooperation movement in support of khilafat as well as for swaraj. In the preceding chapter we noted, as early as the first months of 1915, something in the nature of a khilafat movement, but without any organization to give it a definite form. The khilafat movement 191922 was a panislamic, political protest campaign launched by muslims of india to influence the british government not to abolish the ottoman caliphate. In this atmosphere emerged the khilafat issue around which developed the historic noncooperation movement. Noncooperation movement features of the nonviolent non. The allindia khilafat conference held at delhi in november 1919 decided to withdraw all cooperation from the government if their demands were not met. The non cooperation movement was a decisive step in the independence movement because, for the first time, the inc was ready to forego constitutional means to achieve selfrule.
The khilafat movement enabled gandhi to spread his noncooperation movement in the whole country of india. The khilafat movement came to an end when thousands of indians were put behind the bar. The all india congress committee that met at varansasi on 305 urged the british government to recall the viceroy and award punishment to sir michael odwyer for the jallianwala bagh. Gandhiji had assured that swaraj would be achieved in a year if this movement was continued to completion.
Gandhiji was not involved in non cooperation before but what injustice the british government was doing to the country made him do it. Mar 23, 2017 every little important detail about the khilafat movement and non cooperation movement explained by roman saini. The government arrested mahatma gandhiji on 10 march and charged him with spreading disaffection against the government. On th april, 1919, a huge crowd had assembled in jalianwala bagh, in amritsar to protest peacefully against the arrest of 2 prominent leaders saifuddin kitchlew and satyapal. Khilafat committee formed under the leadership of ali brothers, maulana azad, hakim ajmal khan and hasrat mohani the promises made to the khilafat committee were not kept after the world war. In political lexicon khilafat is the name of muslim rule in an islamic state mix of political and religious authority in one figure it started from 632 the rule of hazrat abu bakar ra and ends with khallifa abdul hameed 2nd. One byproduct of the khilafat movement was the hijrat movement. With the noncooperation movement, nationalist sentiments reached every nook and corner of the country and politicised every strata of population. For ssc, khilafat movement and non cooperation movement. So, the mutuality between the hindus and muslims increased. Noncooperation movement and khilafat movement in india ias.
Khilafat movement and noncooperation movement khalidriazblog. This unity reached its climax during the khilafat and the noncooperation movements. The combined khilafat noncooperation movement was the first allindia agitation against british rule. Background and causes mahatma gandhi led his nonviolent nationalist movementsatyagraha, as a protest against government repression such as therowlatt act of 1919, and the jalian wallah bagh massacre ofapril 1919.
During 191922, the british were opposed through two mass movements the khilafat and noncooperation. The khilafat movement 19191924 was a panslamic, political protest campaign launched by muslims in british india to influence the british government and to protect theottman empire during the. Khilafat movement international encyclopedia of the first. Khilafat movement and noncooperation movement by roman saini. Difference between khilafat and noncooperation movements. Khilafat movement was a religiopolitical movement launched by the muslims of the british india for the retention of the ottoman caliphate or khilafateusmania and for not letting for the muslim holy places go under the control of the nonmuslims. Noncooperation movement and khilafat movement in india. From 19191922 two important movements that happened were the khilafat movement and the non cooperation movement. Most prominent among them were the rowlatt act, the j a11anwala bagh trag ad. Main phases of khilafat and noncooperation movement, 192022. Non cooperation movement 1920 1922 study material exams. Gandhi supported the reason for the beginning of khilafat movement.
Gandhiji was not involved in noncooperation before but what injustice the british government was doing to the country made him do it. Khilafat and non cooperation movement khilafat and non cooperation movement the politicallyconscious muslims were critical of the treatment meted out to the ottoman or turkish empire by britain and its allies who had partitioned it and taken away thrace from turkey proper. The non cooperation movement was launched on 4th september, 1920 by mahatma gandhi with the aim of selfgovernance and obtaining full independence as the indian national congress inc withdraw its support for british reforms following the rowlatt act of 21 march 1919, and the jallianwala bagh massacre of april 1919. Assam muslims in the khilafat and noncooperation movement. The movement began in 1919 and, under the leadership of the ali brothers, muhammad ali 18781931 and shaukat ali 18731938, assumed a mainly political character in alliance with the indian national congress, adopting the noncooperation programme in may 1920. Champaran,kheda,khilafat and amritsar swarnav raj had shown a similar movement in south africa and in 1918 in champaran, bihar and kheda, gujarat that the only way to earn the respect and attention of angrez officials was to actively resist. Khilafat movement 19191924 importance pdf download. Gandhi s decision did affect this movement firstly, it was a sudden and individual decision not consulting the khilafat movement people because they were working together and suddenly the non cooperation movement was called off which adversely affected the movement and created distrust between the two groups that were operative at that time. The khilafat movement enabled gandhi to spread his non cooperation movement in the whole country of india.
Gandhis action of calling off the noncooperation movement at a moment when the government was about to make major concessions, was a. With the congress support to the khilafat movement, hindumuslim unity was achieved which encouraged gandhi to launch his nonviolent, noncooperation movement. As khilafat movement was the 1st movement where ordinary people were involved, or the ordinary muslims were involved, people in the streets were involved and therefore politics at that time came down to the ordinary masses. Download pdf thekhilafatmovementinindia free online. Chapter five gandhism and the noncooperation movement. The leaders in spite of their best efforts could not maintain the hindumuslim unity.
February 1920 in early 1920, a joint hindumuslim deputation was sent to the viceroy to seek redress of grievances on the issue of khilafat, but the mission proved abortive. Though the two movements emerged from separate issues, they adopted a common programme of actionthat of nonviolent non cooperation. With the congress support to the khilafat movement, hindumuslim unity was achieved which encouraged gandhi to launch his non violent, non cooperation movement. Download pdf right click and save as target or continue reading online. The first non cooperation and civil disobedience movement virtually came to an end. The noncooperation movement was a decisive step in the independence movement because, for the first time, the inc was ready to forego constitutional means to achieve selfrule.
The khilafat movement download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl, mobi. The khilafat committee started the noncooperation movement on 31 august 1920. Main phases of khilafat and non cooperation movement, 192022. When the british refused to fulfill the demands of the congress, a programmed of boycott of government schools, colleges and law courts was approved in an allparty joint conference. Dec 14, 2017 he gave a direction to the movement which resulted in unity and mutual non violent non cooperation movement. Read this article to learn about the khilafat and noncooperation movement in india against british. Khilafat movement, panislamic force in india that arose in 1919 in an effort to salvage the ottoman caliph as a symbol of unity among muslims in india during the period of british rule.
The leaders of the khilafat movement joined hands with indian national congress for the upcoming non cooperation movement. Khilafat and noncooperation movement in india against british. One of the main reasons which caused a death blow to khilafat movement was the indirect announcement of gandhi to discontinue the non cooperation movement. The noncooperation movement was launched on 4th september, 1920 by mahatma gandhi with the aim of selfgovernance and obtaining full independence as the indian national congress inc withdraw its support for british reforms following the rowlatt act of 21 march 1919, and the jallianwala bagh massacre of april 1919. Champaran,kheda, khilafat and amritsar swarnav raj had shown a similar movement in south africa and in 1918 in champaran, bihar and kheda, gujarat that the only way to earn the respect and attention of angrez officials was to actively resist government activities through civil disobedience. The leaders of the khilafat movement now changed strategy and launched a noncooperation movement. On november 23 1919, the all india khilafat conference was organized at new delhi and later a khilafat manifesto was published which called upon the british to protect the caliphate. The most important cause of the noncooperation movement was the khilafat movement started in 1919 which brought the muslims and the hindus on a common platform against the british rule. It took shape only at the end of the war, but before turning our attention towards this development we have to consider the situation which had come about in india at.
In his famous book hind swaraj 1909 mahatma gandhi declared that british rule was established in india with the. At the calcutta session of the congress in september 1920, he convinced other leaders of the need to start a noncooperation movement in support of khilafat as well as for swaraj. After turkeys defeat, the ottoman caliphate was proposed to be dissolved. The first noncooperation and civil disobedience movement virtually came to an end. See more ideas about khilafat movement, islam and islamic quotes.
During the period of 1919 to 1922 congress and the khilafat movement was in the light. Evaluation of khilafat non cooperation movement movement brought the urban muslims into the national movement, but at the same time it communalised the national politics, to an extent. Non cooperation movement on gandhis advice the central khilafat committee, on 28051920, accepted noncooperation as the only acceptable line of action. Dec 02, 2017 out of these three, non cooperation movement was started first. It was then that he introduced the noncooperation movement. The leaders of the khilafat movement now changed strategy and launched a non cooperation movement. About non cooperation movement authorstream presentation. Evaluation of khilafat noncooperation movement movement brought the urban muslims into the national movement, but at the same time it communalised the national politics, to an extent. Khilafat movement 19191924 the lucknow pact showed that it was possible for middleclass, englisheducated muslims and hindus to arrive at an amicable settlement on hindumuslim constitutional and political problems. An extremely important topic in modern indian history. Gandhi lost all faith in the british sense of justice and liberalism and decided to lauch a noncooperation movement. The movement was initially bolstered by gandhis noncooperation movement but fell apart after the abolition of the caliphate in 1924. Mutiny of jamiatululemaihind on 6, september 1920 issued fatwa of tarkemawalat.
Gandhi promised swaraj in one year if his non cooperation programme was fully implemented. Indian national movement khilafat and non cooperation. Seeing the opportunity, mahatma gandhi quickly affiliated himself with the khilafat movement. He gave a direction to the movement which resulted in unity and mutual nonviolent noncooperation movement. The british after the first world war imposed humiliating terms on the ruler of turkey who was also the caliph of islam. It was one of gandhis first organized acts of largescale civil disobedience satyagraha. At first he was loyal to them but after the jallianwala bagh tragedy, khilafat movement and the rowlatt act all his loyalty went away. The hijrat movement failed, affecting the financial condition of muslims badly, but conveying their unstinted love for islam. Out of these three, noncooperation movement was started first. Reasons for the failure of the khilafat movement following factors can be attributed towards the failure of the movement. The movement combined them as a nation and gave them a good lesson of unity. Gandhi ji declared that the khilafat issue was more important than constitutional reforms and even the. As we noted earlier, in one sense the noncooperation movement was the climax ot earlier movements. Every little important detail about the khilafat movement and noncooperation movement explained by roman saini.
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